Paul Larmer | June 27, 2016 | From the print edition
A couple of weeks after a dozen or so well-armed white men and women occupied Oregon’s Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, announcing that they were there to help the locals “claim back their lands and resources” from the federal government, I began to wonder: Where were all the folks on the other side — the public-lands patriots — the people who say they cherish our country’s rare birthright of a vast landscape, accessible to all Americans, no matter where they live?
So I emailed several conservation leaders, asking them whether they were going to the refuge to protest the protesters. “It might be best if everybody just lets the locals keep the pressure on these guys, or if the press pays a little less attention to them,” one replied, adding, “I think they are doing much harm to their already discredited anti-public lands cause.”
Perhaps the eclectic gathering at the refuge did harm that cause; the drumbeat to transfer federally managed lands to states seems to sound a little less forceful these days. But their actions, and the lack of a coordinated response from the outdoor and conservation community, raised an unsettling question: Who will nurture and lead a new generation, one that’s more diverse and more urban, to defend the West’s environment and lands?
Executive Director and Publisher Paul Larmer
The good news, as we demonstrate in this special issue, is that new people are taking up the challenge. And though they share much in common with the activists of the past, many look quite different, and have taken very different paths to the cause. I met Glenn Nelson, the Japanese American writer of our cover essay, at a conference in Jackson, Wyoming, last fall, well before the Oregon occupation, but shortly after he launched trailposse.com, a website dedicated to “diversifying by demystifying the outdoors.” In the months since, High Country News has formed a partnership with him, co-publishing stories and essays by Nelson and other writers of color.
Nelson’s own complex story of connecting to both his racial identity and the outdoors demonstrates that it’s high time for a movement dominated for the past century by Anglos to reach out to and share power with a rapidly changing demographic. So, too, does his profile of Latino Outdoors, a group that, with lightning speed, has tapped into the Latino community’s deep well of passion for the outdoors. I recently met one of the group’s educators, Raquel Rangel, whom we profiled on hcn.org last year. She takes people from California’s Central Valley to nearby state parks and relishes their growing connection to the public lands. “The greatest fulfillment comes when someone says, ‘Thank you for bringing me to your park,’ Rangel says. “I say, ‘It’s not my park — it’s your park, too.’ ”
That’s a message the whole country needs to hear, whether it’s trumpeted from an urban park in California or a remote wildlife refuge in Oregon.
José González is tapping into Latinos’ passion for nature.
This article was originally published in High Country News.
Glen Nelson | June 27, 2016 | From the print edition
Everyone is jammed into a yellow school bus, chattering in anticipation of a planned snowshoe outing at Snoqualmie Pass, some 40 minutes outside Seattle. Joe Camacho, an educator and one of the trip leaders, begins an orientation, holding up a pair of gaiters. The coverings are zipped together for storage in a way that, to beginning outdoor recreationists, looks like gear fitted for a giant.
“These,” Camacho says, “are for keeping snow out of your pants.”
Someone whispers in Camacho’s ear.
“Oh, these,” he amends, “are for keeping snow out of your boots.”
There’s laughter all around. The laughter continues throughout the morning and into the afternoon, as the intergenerational group cavorts in the wintry wonderland. This could be a scene from any number of introductory outdoor recreation expeditions taking place across the country every year, but there is a major difference: All the people in this bus going up and down are brown, brown, brown, and the snacks being passed around include pan dulce and Mexican candies.
This is the brave new world that José González imagined three years ago. Back then, he was looking for a movement, not trying to start one. He’d performed an internet search for “Latinos” and “outdoors,” and found nothing. So González started a Facebook page that begat a blog that, in the last year, has started to look a lot more like a movement to inspire recreation, stewardship and education in the outdoors, where his community is underrepresented.
Today, Latino Outdoors has a presence in 14 states, including up and down California, the first large state in which Latinos have overtaken whites as the largest ethnic group. Like that population, Latino Outdoors is growing at light-speed; last year, its team of 42 volunteers and two fulltime employees led or collaborated on some 80 outdoor outings, coast to coast.
Buoyed by new grants and publicity, Latino Outdoors has a full plate of projects ahead: It soon will experiment with a membership program, build regional coalitions with partner organizations, nail down its own nonprofit status and take a role in the My Brother’s Keeper Initiative, launched by the White House to offer job training, mentorships and educational opportunities to struggling boys and young men of color.
And so it is that the man who never intended to start an organization now has his own unofficial executive assistant, who shapes González’s frenetic schedule while learning the ropes of the job.
José González, second from left, takes a walk with Latino students at California’s Humboldt State University.
Humboldt State University
González and Latino Outdoors are riding a great wave of self-examination in the outdoors and conservation sectors. There is a growing understanding that, without the support and leadership of the soon-to-be non-white majority in this country, the public lands –– where much of the nation’s outdoor recreation takes place –– will be more vulnerable to privatization and development, and addressing existential issues, such as climate change, will become impossible.
The building blocks already are in place. Latinos, the largest ethnic group in the U.S., already spend more per capita on outdoor gear than any racial group, including whites, according to the Outdoor Industry Association’s ConsumerVue research. They also have a deep attachment to the public lands: A 2016 poll in Western states by the Colorado College State of the Rockies Project found that 84 percent of Latinos consider issues involving public lands, waters and wildlife as important as the economy, health care and education when deciding whether to support an elected public official, and 65 percent oppose giving state governments control over federal lands.
This energy has spawned dozens of Latino-led groups and programs over the past few years. González, 34, was greatly influenced by Hugo Morales, the founder of the ground-breaking nonprofit network Radio Bilingue, often referred to as the “Latino NPR.” Under a Butler Koshland fellowship, González trailed and quizzed Morales for a year, accessed his mentor’s connections and honed his own ideas around reconnecting Latinos to nature. That time also led him to the people — Melissa Avery, Lesly Caballero and Eduardo Gonzalez — who would become the core of his organization. González has picked up a fundamental philosophy from these relationships: “Whatever social capital that I build, and whatever privileges I acquire, I want to be able to use to get other people where they want to go.”
They’ll have to go fast, just to catch a burn off González’s exhaust. These days he brandishes the hashtag, #whereisjose, on social media, just so his followers can keep up with his ever-shifting locations. One minute he’s shaking hands with President Barack Obama in the White House, the next he’s on the road organizing new affiliates or on the trail with Interior Secretary Sally Jewell at one of the country’s newest national monuments, Berryessa Snow Mountain in California, for which González and Latino Outdoors helped advocate.
A Latino Outdoors hike on Matt Davis Trail in Mount Tamalpais State Park, California.
Paul Myers / Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy
On a recent warm, hazy day, González once again is kicking up a cloud of dust, this time in the Sonoran Desert, southwest of Tucson. He is behind the wheel, en route to the Kitt Peak National Observatory, telling a story he’s rarely told anyone —that, during high school, he discovered that he was an undocumented immigrant. Mid-tale, González says, matter-of-factly, “Looks like a checkpoint coming up.”
Confused, I ask, “Checkpoint?”
“Border Patrol,” González explains.
“But we’re not anywhere near the border,” I point out.
Claudio Rodriguez and his wife, Nelda Ruiz, are community activists in Tucson and seated in the back of the car. “The border is coming to us,” Rodriguez says.
We stop, are questioned by men in uniform about our citizenship status, then waved on. I cannot easily shake what feels like a profound violation. I learn later that the Border Patrol operates fixed checkpoints within a 100-mile zone of land and coastal borders, exercising what the American Civil Liberties Union considers “extra-Constitutional powers.” About two-thirds of the U.S. population resides in that zone. This fact startles me, but everyone else in the car shrugs and tells of other stops far more eventful than this. For González, the enforced separation of immigrants from this land deeply informs his work to reconnect Latino communities to the natural world.
And it mirrors his own family history. He was born José Guadalupe Adonis González Rosales in the mountain town of Amatlan de Cañas in the southwestern Mexican state of Nayarit. His grandfather made churros there. His father did migrant cannery work in the U.S., and González, his mother and siblings moved frequently between Mexico and the U.S. before permanently relocating to Turlock, California, when he was 9. González was a straight-A high school student with great expectations for college. But one day, a teacher who was helping him apply for a college-credit course asked for his Social Security number, and, much to his surprise, he learned that he didn’t have one. His father had missed a deadline for submitting documentation, so González was technically in the country illegally, and had been for years.
“It put into question everything I had done,” he says.
Later, when González was on the cusp of gaining his naturalized citizenship, he had, he says, “a moment of hesitation.” As much as he was inclined to celebrate what he was about to gain, he also mourned what he was about to lose — the sense of belonging to the best of two different worlds and the ability to move freely between them. González filled that loss by applying what he refers to as his “ambicultural” nature to what was beginning to emerge as his calling. He became so enchanted with environmental causes at the University of California, Davis, that his M.E.Ch.A. (Movimiento Estudiantil Chicana/o de Aztlan) group dubbed him “Green Chicano,” a handle he continues to use on social media. While earning his teaching certificate, he worked two summers in a California Mini-Corps program in which aspiring teachers with migrant backgrounds provide outdoor education for migrant children.
As much as González enjoyed teaching, he yearned to make a bigger impact, and the outdoor arena beckoned. After he earned a master’s degree at the University of Michigan’s School of Natural Resources and Environment, González received a grant to take a group on an outing to Point Reyes National Seashore in Northern California. The trip was not only a success, he realized, but proof of concept for Latino Outdoors. Alicia Cruz, who helped organize the outing, became that region’s Latino Outdoors “ambassador,” part of what now is a nationwide network of trip leaders and organizers.
Hikers on the Matt Davis Trail in California’s Mount Tamalpais State Park in May, during a wellness walk sponsored by Latino Outdoors and California State Parks.
Paul Myers / Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy
González says he didn’t fully grasp the traction he was gaining until a seeming failure boomeranged back as a sign of success. While putting Latino Outdoors into place, he applied for a community outreach job at a non-profit organization for redwoods conservation, but never heard back. Months later, someone from the park did call him — not to offer a job, but to seek his advice as the founder of Latino Outdoors on how to engage local communities.
This story is not recounted by González with any obvious relish. That’s not his way; he exudes a thoughtful, Zen-like quality. I ask if he gets angry, and he replies that it has happened three times in his life — once when he threw a bicycle at someone and twice at the end of relationships. He has a quiet intensity that can, at times, come across as chillingly authoritative.
“At first, I was intimidated because he was so soft-spoken,” says Graciela Cabello, Latino Outdoor’s national director and first paid employee. “But I’ve found him to be much more playful than I first interpreted.”
Cabello says they are in constant pursuit of laughs, just to buffer themselves from the chaotic challenges of rapid growth. She and board president Richard Rojas Sr. are working on nonprofit status for the organization, which is forming its strategic plan with the aid of the Rivers, Trails, Conservation Assistance (RTCA) program, an arm of the National Park Service that supports community-led outdoor projects. Latino Outdoors last year helped form the Latino Conservation Alliance with Green Latinos, HECHO, Hispanic Federation, Hispanic Access Foundation and La Madre Tierra.
José González sits peacefully in the eye of the storm he’s conjured. He talks frequently about how the outdoors can speak for itself and about how being outdoors helps his community stand up and be counted.
“Estamos aquí” is the message, Gonzalez says. It’s a declaration Latinos are making, more and more, while stepping off yellow buses and other modes of transport onto slopes, beaches and peaks across the country: “We are here.”
Note: This article has been updated to reflect the fact that González applied to work at a non-profit organization for redwoods conservation, not Redwoods National Park.
Glenn Nelson | ESSAY | April 8, 2016 | Web Exclusive
TrailPosse is a series produced in partnership with The Trail Posse focused on the relationship between people of color and Western public lands.
In 2005, Dr. Carolyn Finney visited the Martin Luther King Jr. National Historic Site in Atlanta, Georgia, with her father, a stoic man who grew up in the segregated South. She was startled when he grabbed her with a stricken look on his face. “I thought he was having a heart attack,” Finney said during a recent lecture at the University of Washington.
They were in front of a replica sign saying, “Whites Only.”
“For a minute,” he told her, “I thought we weren’t supposed to be here.”
Dr. Carolyn Finney, who authored “Black Faces, White Spaces,” tells the stories of people of color usually missing from the picture of the outdoors. Glenn Nelson/TrailPosse
Finney’s is a memorable tale about memory – the kind seared into places and things, as well as into communities of color in America.
An associate professor at the University of Kentucky, Finney is the author of “Black Faces, White Spaces,” an important study about how the history of this country, as well as the telling of that history, has shaped cultural understandings of access to natural places in the U.S. When I heard Finney speak, I was between two outings that, like many of her accounts, did not fit the traditional stories of people of color in the outdoors.
I spent the first day with a trio of bird guides from Colombia. Between their developing English and my poor Spanish, the Colombians and I were forced to connect on a higher plane – that shared sense of awe while beholding a red-breasted sapsucker in Seattle’s Seward Park or a northern harrier in the Samish Flats, about an hour north. With their baseball caps and blue jeans, they could easily have been brown-skinned birders from just about anywhere. But they were guests of Audubon’s International Alliances Program, as a prelude to a partnership for eco-tourism in northern Colombia – ostensibly because birds fly and migrate and connect us all.
After birding in the Samish Flats, north of Seattle, are Ines Cavalier of Patrimonia Natural, Becky Norman of Audubon Washington and Colombian guides Jose Luis Pushaina, Jauren Enrique and Tomas Dario. Glenn Nelson/TrailPosse
Water also connects us, a point driven home that weekend with every stroke I took. I was kayaking for the first time in my life, with Latino Outdo
ors, a burgeoning national group that works to connect Latino communities with nature. Among those in our group were CJ Goulding, who is African-American and a rising young star in the movement to include more youth and racial minorities in nature; bright and dedicated trip leaders, Michelle Piñon and Joe Camacho; my wife, Florangela, the daughter of South American immigrants, and me, the son of a Japanese immigrant mother.
Gliding along Seattle’s Lake Union, I couldn’t help but think how our multicultural, multigenerational group, when replicated throughout the country, helps write a new story about the people who interact with the natural world. Reveling in each other’s company, we created a safe space for each other, and for other people of color to join or emulate. And we interrupted the prevailing negative narratives pounded into our cultures by our own country – African-American slavery, Japanese-American internment, Chinese-American forced coolie labor, Latino migrant work, Native American exile from their lands.
I must admit, I often struggle with a sense of belonging in nature, the weight of that cultural baggage tugging on my shoulder straps along with lunch and the ten essentials. I’d watched with envy the Colombians pursue their avian gratification with near abandon, like people in nature and not brown people in a white world. It was their norm, one shared by black and brown people all over the globe, and closer to what I found on the water, the world enveloping yet distant, the people just dots of humanity waving from passing boats or pointing at the pair of circling bald eagles overhead. They could have been anybody; we could have been anybody. And that’s probably the point.
Members of Latino Outdoors, including CJ Goulding and regional coordinator Michelle Piñon (center) celebrate a kayak outing in Seattle. Glenn Nelson/TrailPosse
An erstwhile actor, Finney has made an academic career out of asking, “Who’s missing from the picture?” and “Who aren’t we hearing from?” She once reviewed 10 years of Outside Magazine and found that of 6,980 photos with people in them, only 103 (or 1.5 percent) depicted African-Americans. So she has taken to telling the stories of the missing: MaVynee Betsh, who donated her fortune to environmental causes and lived out her days on American Beach in Florida; John Francis, the Planetwalker, who traveled the globe exclusively by foot for 22 years, 17 of which were spent in voluntary silence, and still earned a Ph.D., became a representative for the United Nations and was one of the original architects of U.S. oil-spill policy after Exxon Valdez.
Betsh and Francis both are black, and have compelling tales, yet have not been embraced as part of the mainstream, environmental narrative.
During her presentation, Finney also recalled her own story, growing up on the estate of a wealthy New York developer, for whom her parents were groundskeepers. One day, at 9, she was walking home from school in the tony, white neighborhood. She was stopped by the police, just around the corner from her house.
“Where are you going?” they asked.
It may have been the first time Finney pondered the seemingly indelible uncertainty of “supposed to be here” with which her father continued to struggle decades later. It’s a question she and the rest of us keep trying to answer.
Glenn Nelson is a contributing editor at High Country News and the founder of The Trail Posse, which documents and encourages diversity and inclusion in the outdoors. Follow him at @trailposse.
